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[往期回顾]

一课一题一语法：新概念英语第一册第139-140课

以下是第139-140课的参考答案：

【回答】

1. Mike said to his sister, 'Will you visit my school next week?'

Mike asked his sister whether/if she would visit his school next week.

2. Mike said to his friends, 'Do you often visit your parents?'

Mike asked his friends whether/if they often visited their parents.

3. Mike said to me, 'When did you sell your house?'

Mike asked me when I had sold my house.

4. Mike said to his mother, 'Where are you going now?'

Mike asked his mother where she was going then.

5. Mike said to my son, 'Why do you like your mom more?'

Mike asked my son why he liked his mom more.

[本期内容]

本周我们继续分享《新概念英语1》第141-142课的重点句型或语法。让我们先读第一百四十一课的课文：

一.原文

第二，关键句型或语法

这节课是关于被动语态的使用。

(一)两个概念

学习被动语态，首先要了解两个基本概念，即施事者和被动语态。

所谓行为人，是指行为的发出者或执行者。

所谓主体，是指行动的主体。

比如：

He ate an apple just now.

这句话里的何是演员，苹果是受害者。

(二)构图方式

被动语态的基本形式是：

由实干家来做

例如，( a)部分的句子可以改为：

An apple was eaten by him just now.

另一个例子是：

The man bought the book yesterday.

这个句子的被动结构是：

The book was bought by the man yesterday.

(三)不同时态的被动语态

被动语态的时态变化主要体现在be在be done by中，而本课则侧重于一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态。

1.一般现在时

这时，be的形式是am、is或are。比如：

He often cleans his bedroom on weekends.

这个句子的被动结构是：

His bedroom is often cleaned by him on weekends.

另一个例子是：

The boys plant trees in the suburb once a year.

这个句子的被动结构是：

Trees are planted in the suburb by the boys once a year.

另一个例子是：

My mom tells me a story every night.

这个句子的被动结构是：

I am told a story by my mom every night.

2.简单过去式

在这一点上，be的形式是was或were。比如：

He cleaned his bedroom last Saturday.

这个句子的被动结构是：

His bedroom was cleaned by him last Saturday.

另一个例子是：

The boys planted trees in the suburb a year ago.

这个句子的被动结构是：

Trees were planted in the suburb by the boys a year ago.

第三，一课一问

根据本课的重要语法点，让我们按照要求练习并完成下面的句子。

The girl drank a cup of coffee this morning. (Point out the doer and the receiver)

2. Jane always read books in the library.

3. They sold the house five months ago.

4. I left a message on the table yesterday.

5. We have an egg every morning.

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