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中小学英语考试常用词汇:送人吧

更新时间:2024-01-07 20:54:56作者:巧巧

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《新概念英语》第二册第七课难点部分讨论了动词短语(动词助词,其中“助词”主要指介词或副词)中宾语的位置,即动词短语中的宾语是名词及其短语或代词时,位置如何摆放?

说起这个问题,很多同学深感困惑,比如下面句子中的几个动词短语:

1) He gave away all his books.

2) He gave all his books away.

3) He gave away them.

4) He gave them away.

在上面的四个句子中,哪个关于动词短语的宾语位置是错误的?为什么?

要回答这个问题,我们必须从动词短语中宾语位置的用法入手。

首先,当动词短语的宾语是名词及其短语时

此时,动词短语的宾语可以放在助词后面或动词和助词之间。例如:

She woke up the chidlren early in the morning.

She woke the children up early in the morning.

第二,当动词短语的宾语是代词时。

此时,动词短语的宾语只能放在动词和助词之间。比如:

Send her away correctly, or she will get into trouble.

Send her away by mistake, or she will get into trouble.

如果只掌握以上用法,是不够的,因为在实际应用中会出现以下情况:

Correct. He is looking at this picture.

Exactly. He's looking at it.

以上两句都是对的。这是为什么呢?

其实这是因为我在文章第一段提到,动词短语指的是“动词助词”,助词包括介词和副词。问题的关键是动词后面是介词还是副词。

一般来说,在英语中,一类词只能做介词,而另一类词既可以做介词,也可以做副词。例如:

只能用作介词的词

这些词包括at、for、from、with、of等。它们可以构成的动词短语有:

Watch, stare, point, etc.

Agree: to seek, care for, demand, etc.

Hear from, come from, come from, etc.

Get along with, endure, live with, etc.

此时,这些动词短语后面带宾语时,无论宾语是名词还是代词,其位置都只能放在介词之后。比如:

He asked for permission to leave.

I can't put up with him any longer.

既可用作介词又可用作副词的单词

这些词包括in、up、off、away等。它们可以构成的动词短语有:

Come in: come in, call, pull in, etc.

Get up: get up, pick up, make a phone call, etc.

Off: cut off, take off, delay, etc.

Take away, put away, throw away, etc.

此时,这些动词短语后面带宾语时,由于宾语所用的名词或代词的不同,它们的位置会有所不同:如果是名词,可以放在后面,也可以放在中间;如果是代词,只能放在中间。比如:

Correct. They cut off the king's head.

Correct. They cut off the king's head.

Correct: Give it back to your brother.

Error: Give it back to your brother.

Wrong. He gave them away.

这是因为away是一个既可以做介词又可以做副词的词,所以当宾语是代词时,只能放在动词和助词之间。

OK,关于中小学英语考试常用词汇:送人吧和中小学英语考试常用词汇:送人吧的内容到此结束了,希望对大家有所帮助。